»The surah that opens by acclaiming the manifest Victory or Triumph of peace that God accorded His Prophet in the truce he agreed to with the Meccans at a place called Ḥudaybiyyah. It takes its name from verse 1 wherein “victory” (fatḥ) is mentioned. The surah makes reference to the occasion when the Prophet had a vision that he and his followers would be performing pilgrimage to Mecca (verse 27). They set out, but the Meccans decided to bar them at Ḥudaybiyyah from reaching the town and sent emissaries to have discussions with the Prophet. In the end the Prophet signed a treaty that he and the believers would not enter Mecca that year, but would do so the next year. Seeing the long-term significance of this treaty, in the interests of peace he agreed to a truce often years during which time, if any Meccan went over to his side, he would return him to the Meccans, but if any of his people went over to the Meccans, they would not return them. Throughout the surah the Prophet is assured that this treaty that God has given him is a great breakthrough (verse 1ff., verse 18 ff. and verse 27). The believers are reassured that their self-restraint and obedience to the Prophet were inspired by God (verse 4 ff. and verse 24 ff.). The surah condemns both the hypocrites in Medina (verse 6) and the idolaters of Mecca (verse 6 and verse 26) and closes by praising the believers (verse 29).«

The surah is also known as Conquest, The Manifest Triumph, Triumph