The Quran

Preface

وَآتَيناهُم بَيِّناتٍ مِنَ الأَمرِ ۖ فَمَا اختَلَفوا إِلّا مِن بَعدِ ما جاءَهُمُ العِلمُ بَغيًا بَينَهُم ۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقضي بَينَهُم يَومَ القِيامَةِ فيما كانوا فيهِ يَختَلِفونَ

Yusuf Ali

And We granted them Clear Signs in affairs (of Religion): it was only¹ after knowledge had been granted to them that they fell into schisms, through insolent envy² among themselves. Verily thy Lord will judge between them on the Day of Judgment as to those matters in which they set up differences.

Cf. 10:93. The Jews were the more to blame that they fell from Grace after all the divine favours which they had enjoyed. Their schisms and differences arose from mutual envy, which was rebellious insolence against God. As the next verse shows, some of them (not all) rejected the mission of the Prophet, also through envy that a Prophet had come among the Arabians.
Cf. 2:90, and that whole passage, with its notes.