24 Preface وَاخفِض لَهُما جَناحَ الذُّلِّ مِنَ الرَّحمَةِ وَقُل رَبِّ ارحَمهُما كَما رَبَّياني صَغيرًاYusuf AliAnd, out of kindness, lower to them the wing1 of humility, and say: “My Lord! bestow on them thy Mercy even as they cherished me in childhood.”2Cf. 15:88 and n. 2011, and 26:215. The metaphor is that of a high-flying bird which lowers her wing out of tenderness to her offspring. There is a double aptness. (1) When the parent was strong and the child was helpless, parental affection was showered on the child: when the child grows up and is strong, and the parent is helpless, can he do less than bestow similar tender care on the parent? (2) But more: he must approach the matter with gentle humility; for does not parental love remind him of the love with which God cherished His creatures? There is something here more than simple human gratitude: it goes up into the highest spiritual region.Note that we are asked to honour our father and mother, not “that thy days may be long upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee” (Exod. 20:12), but upon much higher and more universal grounds, such as befit a perfect revelation. In the first place, not merely respect, but cherishing kindness, and humility to parents, are commanded. In the second place this command is bracketed with the command to worship the One True God: Parental love should be to us a type of divine love: nothing that we can do can ever really compensate for that which we have received. In the third place (see next verse) our spiritual advancement is tested by this: we cannot expect God’s forgiveness if we are rude or unkind to those who unselfishly brought us up.