12 Preface يَدعو مِن دونِ اللَّهِ ما لا يَضُرُّهُ وَما لا يَنفَعُهُ ۚ ذٰلِكَ هُوَ الضَّلالُ البَعيدُAli Quli QaraiHe invokes besides Allah that which can bring him neither benefit nor harm. That is extreme error.